在FTD上配置并检验NAT

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已更新: 2023 年 8 月 2 日
文档 ID:212702

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    简介

    本文档介绍如何在Firepower威胁防御(FTD)上配置和验证基本网络地址转换(NAT)。

    先决条件

    要求

    本文档没有任何特定的要求。

    使用的组件

    本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

    • 运行FTD代码6.1.0-226的ASA5506X
    • 运行6.1.0-226的FireSIGHT管理中心(FMC)
    • 3台Windows 7主机
    • 运行LAN到LAN (L2L) VPN的Cisco IOS® 3925路由器

    实验完成时间：1小时

    本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。

    背景信息

    FTD支持与经典自适应安全设备(ASA)相同的NAT配置选项：

    • 之前的NAT规则-这相当于传统ASA上的两次NAT（第1部分）。
    • 自动NAT规则-关于传统ASA的第2部分
    • 之后NAT规则-这相当于在传统ASA上执行两次NAT（第3部分）。

    由于FTD配置在NAT配置时从FMC完成，因此必须熟悉FMC GUI和各种配置选项。

    配置

    网络图

    网络图

    任务1.在FTD上配置静态NAT

    根据以下要求配置NAT：

    NAT策略名称

    FTD设备的名称

    NAT 规则

    手动NAT规则

    NAT类型

    静态

    插入

    在第1部分

    来源接口

    内部*

    目标接口

    dmz*

    原始源

    192.168.75.14

    转换后的源

    192.168.76.100

    * 为NAT规则使用安全区域

    在FTD上配置静态NAT

    静态 NAT

    解决方案：

    在传统ASA上，必须在NAT规则中使用nameif。在FTD上，您需要使用安全区域或接口组。

    步骤1:将接口分配给安全区域/接口组。

    在本任务中，我们决定将用于NAT的FTD接口分配到安全区域。或者，您可以将其分配到接口组，如图所示。

    分配FTD接口

    第二步：结果如图所示。

    分配的接口

    第三步：您可以从对象>对象管理页面创建/编辑接口组和安全区域，如图所示。

    创建/编辑接口组和安全区域

    安全区域与接口组

    安全区域和接口组之间的主要区别在于，一个接口只能属于一个安全区域，但可以属于多个接口组。因此，实际上，接口组提供了更大的灵活性。

    您可以看到内部接口属于两个不同的接口组，但只有一个安全区域，如图所示。

    内部接口属于两个不同的接口组

    第四步：在FTD上配置静态NAT。

    导航到设备> NAT并创建NAT策略。 选择New Policy > Threat Defense NAT，如图所示。

    创建NAT策略

    第五步：指定策略名称并将其分配到目标设备，如图所示。

    指定策略名称并将其分配给目标设备

    第六步：将NAT规则添加到策略，请点击添加规则。

    根据任务要求指定这些要求，如图所示。

    添加NAT规则

    原始源和原始目标

    主机A = 192.168.75.14

    主机B = 192.168.76.100

    firepower# show run object
object network Host-A
 host 192.168.75.14
object network Host-B
 host 192.168.76.100

    警告：如果配置静态NAT并将接口指定为转换源，则会重定向所有发往该接口IP地址的流量。用户无法访问映射接口上启用的任何服务。此类服务的示例包括路由协议，如OSPF和EIGRP。

    步骤 7.结果如图所示。

    NAT已配置

    步骤 8确保存在允许主机B访问主机A的访问控制策略，反之亦然。请记住，静态NAT在默认情况下是双向的。与传统ASA类似，请参阅实际IP的用法。这是预期结果，因为在本实验中，LINA运行9.6.1.x代码（如图所示）。

    允许主机B访问主机A的访问控制策略，反之亦然

    验证：

    从LINA CLI：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B

     按预期在第1部分插入NAT规则：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

    注意：在后台创建的2个xlate。

    firepower# show xlate
2 in use, 4 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 0:41:49 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:41:49 timeout 0:00:00

    ASP NAT表：

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside

Output Table:
L2 - Output Table:
L2 - Input Table:
Last clearing of hits counters: Never

      

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz

L2 - Output Table:
L2 - Input Table:
Last clearing of hits counters: Never

    启用捕获并跟踪有关FTD的详细信息以及从Host-B ping主机A和如图所示。

    firepower# capture DMZ interface dmz trace detail match ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.76.100
firepower# capture INSIDE interface inside trace detail match ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.75.14

    启用捕获

    命中计数在ASP表中：

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz

    数据包捕获显示：

    firepower# show capture DMZ
8 packets captured
   1: 17:38:26.324812       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   2: 17:38:26.326505       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   3: 17:38:27.317991       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   4: 17:38:27.319456       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   5: 17:38:28.316344       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   6: 17:38:28.317824       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   7: 17:38:29.330518       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   8: 17:38:29.331983       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
8 packets shown

    数据包的踪迹（重要点突出显示）。

    注意：NAT规则的ID及其与ASP表的关联。

    firepower# show capture DMZ packet-number 3 trace detail
8 packets captured
   3: 17:38:27.317991 000c.2998.3fec d8b1.90b7.32e0 0x0800 Length: 74
      192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request (ttl 128, id 9975)
	  
Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602c72be0, priority=13, domain=capture, deny=false
        hits=55, user_data=0x7ff602b74a50, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x0
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff603612200, priority=1, domain=permit, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x8
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0100.0000.0000
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface inside
Untranslate 192.168.76.100/0 to 192.168.75.14/0

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.75.14 rule-id 268434440
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434440: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Mandatory/2
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434440: L4 RULE: Host-B to Host-A
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b72610, priority=12, domain=permit, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff5fa9d0180, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.76.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, ifc=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, ifc=any, vlan=0, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff60367cf80, priority=7, domain=conn-set, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff603677080, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.76.14/1 to 192.168.76.14/1
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
		
Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602220020, priority=0, domain=nat-per-session, deny=true
        hits=2, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff6035c0af0, priority=0, domain=inspect-ip-options, deny=true
        hits=1, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b5f020, priority=70, domain=inspect-icmp, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff602be7460, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=1
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-type=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-code=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b3a6d0, priority=70, domain=inspect-icmp-error, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff603672ec0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=1
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-type=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-code=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
		
Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Reverse Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602220020, priority=0, domain=nat-per-session, deny=true
        hits=4, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Reverse Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602c56d10, priority=0, domain=inspect-ip-options, deny=true
        hits=2, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 5084, packet dispatched to next module
Module information for forward flow ...
snp_fp_inspect_ip_options
snp_fp_snort
snp_fp_inspect_icmp
snp_fp_translate
snp_fp_adjacency
snp_fp_fragment
snp_ifc_stat
Module information for reverse flow ...
snp_fp_inspect_ip_options
snp_fp_translate
snp_fp_inspect_icmp
snp_fp_snort
snp_fp_adjacency
snp_fp_fragment
snp_ifc_stat

Phase: 15
Type: EXTERNAL-INSPECT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Application: 'SNORT Inspect'

Phase: 16
Type: SNORT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Snort Verdict: (pass-packet) allow this packet

Phase: 17
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.75.14 using egress ifc  inside

Phase: 18
Type: ADJACENCY-LOOKUP
Subtype: next-hop and adjacency
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
adjacency Active
next-hop mac address 000c.2930.2b78 hits 140694538708414

Phase: 19
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 out id=0x7ff6036a94e0, priority=13, domain=capture, deny=false
        hits=14, user_data=0x7ff6024aff90, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x0
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=any
		
Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: inside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow
1 packet shown




    任务2.在FTD上配置端口地址转换(PAT)

    根据以下要求配置NAT：

    NAT 规则

    手动NAT规则

    NAT类型

    动态

    插入

    在第1部分

    来源接口

    内部*

    目标接口

    外部*

    原始源

    192.168.75.0/24

    转换后的源

    外部接口(PAT)

    * 为NAT规则使用安全区域

    配置端口地址转换


    静态 NAT

    PAT

    解决方案：

    步骤1:添加第二个NAT规则并根据任务要求进行配置，如图所示。

    添加第二个NAT规则

    第二步：以下是PAT的配置方式（如图所示）。

    PAT配置

    第三步：结果如图所示。

    PAT配置的结束结果

    第四步：在本实验的其余部分，将访问控制策略配置为允许所有流量通过。

    验证：

    NAT 配置:

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
2 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

    在LINA CLI中记下新条目：

    firepower# show xlate
3 in use, 19 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 1:15:14 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 1:15:14 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from outside:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:04:02 timeout 0:00:00

    在内部和外部接口上启用捕获。在内部捕获上启用跟踪：

    firepower# capture CAPI trace interface inside match ip host 192.168.75.14 host 192.168.77.1
firepower# capture CAPO interface outside match ip any host 192.168.77.1

    从Host-A (192.168.75.14)对IP 192.168.77.1执行ping操作，如图所示。

    从主机A ping IP地址

    在LINA捕获中，您可以看到PAT转换：

    firepower# show cap CAPI
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658001       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   2: 18:54:43.659099       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   3: 18:54:44.668544       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   4: 18:54:44.669505       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   5: 18:54:45.682368       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   6: 18:54:45.683421       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   7: 18:54:46.696436       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   8: 18:54:46.697412       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply

    firepower# show cap CAPO
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658672       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   2: 18:54:43.658962       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   3: 18:54:44.669109       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   4: 18:54:44.669337       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   5: 18:54:45.682932       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   6: 18:54:45.683207       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   7: 18:54:46.697031       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   8: 18:54:46.697275       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply

    突出显示了重要部分的数据包的踪迹：

    firepower# show cap CAPI packet-number 1 trace
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658001       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   
Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:
Dynamic translate 192.168.75.14/1 to 192.168.77.6/1

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 6981, packet dispatched to next module

Phase: 15
Type: EXTERNAL-INSPECT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Application: 'SNORT Inspect'

Phase: 16
Type: SNORT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Snort Verdict: (pass-packet) allow this packet

Phase: 17
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 18
Type: ADJACENCY-LOOKUP
Subtype: next-hop and adjacency
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
adjacency Active
next-hop mac address c84c.758d.4980 hits 140694538709114

Phase: 19
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Result:
input-interface: outside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow
1 packet shown

    动态xlate已创建（请注意ri标志）：

    firepower# show xlate
4 in use, 19 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 1:16:47 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 1:16:47 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from outside:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:05:35 timeout 0:00:00

ICMP PAT from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1 flags ri idle 0:00:30 timeout 0:00:30

    在LINA日志中，您可以看到：

    firepower# show log
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609001: Built local-host inside:192.168.75.14
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-305011: Built dynamic ICMP translation from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609001: Built local-host outside:192.168.77.1
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-302020: Built inbound ICMP connection for faddr 192.168.75.14/1 gaddr 192.168.77.1/0 laddr 192.168.77.1/0
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-302021: Teardown ICMP connection for faddr 192.168.75.14/1 gaddr 192.168.77.1/0 laddr 192.168.77.1/0
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609002: Teardown local-host outside:192.168.77.1 duration 0:00:00
May 31 2016 18:55:17: %ASA-6-305012: Teardown dynamic ICMP translation from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1 duration 0:00:34

    NAT部分：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
2 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 94, untranslate_hits = 138

    ASP表显示：

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
in  id=0x7ff602c75f00, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=94, user_data=0x7ff6036609a0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=outside
in  id=0x7ff603681fb0, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=276, user_data=0x7ff60249f370, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.77.6, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=outside, output_ifc=inside

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
out id=0x7ff60361bda0, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=138, user_data=0x7ff6036609a0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=outside, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff60361c180, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=94, user_data=0x7ff60249f370, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=outside

    任务3.在FTD上配置NAT免除

    根据以下要求配置NAT：

    NAT 规则

    手动NAT规则

    NAT类型

    静态

    插入

    在第1部分，所有现有规则

    来源接口

    内部*

    目标接口

    外部*

    原始源

    192.168.75.0/24

    转换后的源

    192.168.75.0/24

    原始目标

    10.1.1.0/24

    转换后的目标

    10.1.1.0/24

    * 为NAT规则使用安全区域

    在FTD上配置NAT免除

    静态 NAT

    PAT

    NAT免除

    解决方案：

    步骤1:添加第三条NAT规则并按任务要求进行配置，如图所示。

    添加第三条NAT规则

    第二步：执行路由查找以确定出口接口。

    注意：对于身份NAT规则（如您添加的规则），您可以更改确定出口接口的方式并使用常规路由查找（如图所示）。

    执行路由查找

    验证：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 96, untranslate_hits = 138

    对源自内部网络的非VPN流量运行Packet Tracer。PAT规则按预期使用：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 192.168.77.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Dynamic translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.77.6/1111
Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7227, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

    对必须通过VPN隧道的流量运行Packet Tracer（由于第一次尝试会开启VPN隧道，因此请运行两次）。

    注意：您必须选择NAT免除规则。

    第一次Packet Tracer尝试：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 10.1.1.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface outside
Untranslate 10.1.1.1/80 to 10.1.1.1/80

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.75.14/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: VPN
Subtype: encrypt
Result: DROP
Config:
Additional Information:

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: drop
Drop-reason: (acl-drop) Flow is denied by configured rule

    第二次Packet Tracer尝试：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 10.1.1.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface outside
Untranslate 10.1.1.1/80 to 10.1.1.1/80

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.75.14/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: VPN
Subtype: encrypt
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Phase: 10
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: VPN
Subtype: ipsec-tunnel-flow
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7226, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

    NAT命中计数验证：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138


    任务4.在FTD上配置对象NAT

    根据以下要求配置NAT：

    NAT 规则

    自动NAT规则

    NAT类型

    静态

    插入

    在第2部分

    来源接口

    内部*

    目标接口

    dmz*

    原始源

    192.168.75.99

    转换后的源

    192.168.76.99

    转换与此规则匹配的DNS回复

    启用

    * 为NAT规则使用安全区域

    解决方案：

    步骤1:根据任务要求配置规则，如图所示。

    根据任务要求配置规则

    原始源

    转换与此规则匹配的DNS回复

    第二步：结果如图所示。

    最终结果

    验证：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
!
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138

Auto NAT Policies (Section 2)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static obj-192.168.75.99 obj-192.168.76.99  dns
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

    使用packet-tracer进行验证：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.99 1111 192.168.76.100 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.76.100 using egress ifc  dmz

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached

Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.99/1111 to 192.168.76.99/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7245, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: dmz
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

    任务5.在FTD上配置PAT池

    根据以下要求配置NAT：

    NAT 规则

    手动NAT规则

    NAT类型

    动态

    插入

    在第3部分

    来源接口

    内部*

    目标接口

    dmz*

    原始源

    192.168.75.0/24

    转换后的源

    192.168.76.20-22

    使用整个范围(1-65535)

    启用

    * 为NAT规则使用安全区域

    解决方案：

    步骤1:根据任务要求配置规则，如图所示。

    为手动NAT规则配置每个任务的规则要求

    手动NAT规则的结果

    第二步：使用Include Reserver Ports 启用Flat Port Range ，允许使用整个范围(1-65535)（如图所示）。

    使用Include Reserver Porst启用平面端口范围

    第三步：结果如图所示。

    平面端口范围的最终结果

    验证：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
!
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns
!
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve

    规则在第3部分：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138

Auto NAT Policies (Section 2)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static obj-192.168.75.99 obj-192.168.76.99  dns
    translate_hits = 1, untranslate_hits = 0

Manual NAT Policies (Section 3)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0


    Packet-tracer验证：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside icmp 192.168.75.15 8 0 192.168.76.5

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.76.5 using egress ifc  dmz

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
Additional Information:
Dynamic translate 192.168.75.15/0 to 192.168.76.20/11654

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7289, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: dmz
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow


    验证

    使用本部分可确认配置能否正常运行。

    验证已在各个任务部分中说明。

    故障排除

    本部分提供了可用于对配置进行故障排除的信息。

    打开FMC上的高级故障排除页面，运行Packet Tracer，然后运行show nat pool命令。

    注释图标

    注意：使用整个范围的条目，如图所示。

    高级故障排除

    相关信息

    • 可以在此处找到所有版本的思科 Firepower 管理中心 (FMC) 配置指南:

    思科安全防火墙威胁防御文档导航

    • 思科全球技术支持中心(TAC)强烈推荐此可视化指南，以了解有关Cisco Firepower下一代安全技术的深入实践知识，其中包括本文中提到的内容：

    思科出版社- Firepower威胁防御

    • 有关Firepower技术的所有配置和故障排除技术说明：

    思科安全防火墙管理中心

    修订历史记录

    版本 发布日期 备注
    2.0
    02-Aug-2023
    添加了Alt文本。 更新的SEO、机器翻译、样式要求和格式。
    1.0
    29-Jan-2018
    初始版本
    TAC Authored

    由思科工程师提供

    • 米基斯·扎菲鲁迪斯
      思科TAC工程师
    • 约翰·朗
      思科TAC工程师

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