BGP를 오버레이로 사용하여 ASA와 FTD 간의 경로 기반 Site-To-Site VPN 구성

!--- Configure IKEv2 Policy ---!

crypto ikev2 policy 1
encryption aes-256
integrity sha256
group 14
prf sha256
lifetime seconds 86400




!--- Enable IKEv2 on the outside interface ---!

crypto ikev2 enable outside




!---Configure Tunnel-Group with pre-shared-key---!

tunnel-group 10.197.226.222 type ipsec-l2l
tunnel-group 10.197.226.222 ipsec-attributes
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key *****
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key *****




!--- Configure IPSec Policy ---!

crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal ipsec_proposal_for_FTD
protocol esp encryption aes-256
protocol esp integrity sha-256




!--- Configure IPSec Profile ---!

crypto ipsec profile ipsec_profile_for_FTD
set ikev2 ipsec-proposal FTD-ipsec-proposal
set pfs group14




!--- Configure VTI ---!

interface Tunnel1
nameif FTD-VTI
ip address 169.254.2.2 255.255.255.0 
tunnel source interface outside
tunnel destination 10.197.226.222
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4
tunnel protection ipsec profile ipsec_profile_for_FTD




!--- Configure the WAN routes ---!

route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.197.226.1 1

ASA에서 루프백 인터페이스 구성

interface Loopback1
nameif loopback
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

FMC를 사용하여 FTD에서 오버레이 BGP 구성

  로 이동합니다Devices > Device Management.Edit VTI 터널이 구성된 디바이스로 이동한 다음 로 이동합니다Routing >General Settings > BGP.

1단계. 이 이미지에 표시된 대로 BGP를 활성화하고 AS(Autonomous System) 번호 및 라우터 ID를 구성합니다.

AS 번호는 두 디바이스 FTD 및 ASA에서 동일해야 합니다.

라우터 ID는 BGP에 참여하는 각 라우터를 식별하는 데 사용됩니다.

BGP 구성으로 이동합니다.

2단계. FTD에서 BGP > IPv4 BGP IPv4로 이동하여 활성화합니다.

BGP 활성화

3단계. Tab(탭)에서Neighbor ASAv VTI 터널 IP 주소를 인접 디바이스로 추가하고 인접 디바이스를 활성화합니다.

BGP 인접 디바이스 추가

4단계. 에서 Networks BGP를 통해 광고할 네트워크 중 VTI 터널을 통과해야 하는 네트워크를 추가합니다(이 경우 루프백1).

BGP 네트워크 추가

5단계. 다른 모든 BGP 설정은 선택 사항이며 환경에 따라 구성할 수 있습니다. 컨피그레이션을 확인하고 을 클릭합니다Save.

BGP 컨피그레이션 저장

6단계. 모든 컨피그레이션을 구축합니다.

구축

ASA에서 오버레이 BGP 구성

router bgp 1000
bgp log-neighbor-changes
bgp router-id 10.1.1.2
address-family ipv4 unicast
neighbor 169.254.2.1 remote-as 1000
neighbor 169.254.2.1 transport path-mtu-discovery disable
neighbor 169.254.2.1 activate
network 1.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
no auto-summary
no synchronization
exit-address-family

다음을 확인합니다.

구성이 올바르게 작동하는지 확인하려면 이 섹션을 활용하십시오.

FTD의 출력

#show crypto ikev2 sa
IKEv2 SAs:
Session-id:20, Status:UP-ACTIVE, IKE count:1, CHILD count:1

Tunnel-id         Local                   Remote                fvrf/ivrf          Status       Role
666846307      10.197.226.222/500      10.197.226.187/500    Global/Global      READY        RESPONDER
Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 256, Hash: SHA256, DH Grp:14, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
Life/Active Time: 86400/1201 sec
Child sa: local selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          remote selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          ESP spi in/out: 0xa14edaf6/0x8540d49e

#show crypto ipsec sa
interface: ASAv-VTI
Crypto map tag: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1, seq num: 65280, local addr: 10.197.226.222

  Protected vrf (ivrf): Global
  local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
  remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
  current_peer: 10.197.226.187

  #pkts encaps: 45, #pkts encrypt: 45, #pkts digest: 45
  #pkts decaps: 44, #pkts decrypt: 44, #pkts verify: 44
  #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
  #pkts not compressed:0, #pkts comp failed: 0, #pkts decomp failed: 0
  #pre-frag successes: 0, #pre-frag failures: 0, #fragments created: 0
  #PMTUs sent: 0, #PMTUs rcvd: 0, #decapsulated frgs needing reassembly: 0
  #TFC rcvd: 0, #TFC sent: 0
  #Valid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0, #Invalid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0
  #send errors: 0, #recv errors: 0

  local crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.222/500, remote crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.187/500
  path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 78(44), media mtu 1500
  PMTU time remaining (sec): 0, DF policy: copy-df
  ICMP error validation: disabled, TFC packets: disabled
  current outbound spi: 8540D49E
  current inbound spi : A14EDAF6

inbound esp sas:
 spi: 0xA14EDAF6 (2706299638)
  SA State: active
  transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
  in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
  slot: 0, conn_id: 49, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
  sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4331517/27595)
  IV size: 16 bytes
  replay detection support: Y
  Anti replay bitmap: 
  000001FFF 0xFFFFFFFF
outbound esp sas:
 spi: 0x8540D49E (2235618462)
  SA State: active
  transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
  in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
  slot: 0, conn_id: 49, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
  sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4101117/27595)
  IV size: 16 bytes
  replay detection support: Y
  Anti replay bitmap: 
  0x00000000 0x00000001

#show bgp summary 
BGP router identifier 10.1.1.1, local AS number 1000
BGP table version is 5, main routing table version 5
2 network entries using 400 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 160 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 416 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 976 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 21/19 prefixes, 24/22 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor           V         AS      MsgRcvd      MsgSent       TblVer      InQ      OutQ      Up/Down      State/PfxRcd
169.254.2.2      4         1000   22               22                  5             0         0            00:19:42        1

#show bgp neighbors
BGP neighbor is 169.254.2.2, vrf single_vf, remote AS 1000, internal link
   BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.1.1.2
   BGP state = Established, up for 00:19:49
   Last read 00:01:04, last write 00:00:38, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
   Neighbor sessions:
      1 active, is not multisession capable (disabled)
   Neighbor capabilities:
      Route refresh: advertised and received(new)
      Four-octets ASN Capability: advertised and received
      Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
      Multisession Capability: 
  Message statistics:
      InQ depth is 0
      OutQ depth is 0
                       Sent    Rcvd
Opens             1        1 
Notifications:    0        0 
Updates:          2        2 
Keepalives:      19      19 
Route Refresh: 0        0 
Total:               22      22 
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 0 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast
   Session: 169.254.2.2
   BGP table version 5, neighbor version 5/0
   Output queue size : 0
   Index 15
  15 update-group member
                             Sent     Rcvd
Prefix activity:             ----    ----
Prefixes Current:            1          1         (Consumes 80 bytes)
Prefixes Total:              1          1 
Implicit Withdraw:           0          0 
Explicit Withdraw:           0          0 
Used as bestpath:           n/a        1 
Used as multipath:           n/a        0
                                Outbound           Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes:   --------            -------
Bestpath from this peer:         1                          n/a 
Invalid Path:                    1                          n/a 
Total:                           2                            0 
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Address tracking is enabled, the RIB does have a route to 169.254.2.2
Connections established 7; dropped 6
Last reset 00:20:06, due to Peer closed the session of session 1
Transport(tcp) path-mtu-discovery is disabled
Graceful-Restart is disabled

#show route bgp
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
            D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
            N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
            E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, V - VPN
            i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
            ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
            o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
            SI - Static InterVRF, BI - BGP InterVRF
Gateway of last resort is 10.197.226.1 to network 0.0.0.0

B        1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 [200/0] via 169.254.2.2, 00:19:55

ASA의 출력

#show crypto ikev2 sa
IKEv2 SAs:

Session-id:7, Status:UP-ACTIVE, IKE count:1, CHILD count:1

Tunnel-id    Local                       Remote                     fvrf/ivrf             Status           Role
442126361    10.197.226.187/500          10.197.226.222/500         Global/Global          READY           INITIATOR
Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 256, Hash: SHA256, DH Grp:14, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
Life/Active Time: 86400/1200 sec
Child sa: local selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          remote selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          ESP spi in/out: 0x8540d49e/0xa14edaf6

#show crypto ipsec sa
interface: FTD-VTI
Crypto map tag: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1, seq num: 65280, local addr: 10.197.226.187

  Protected vrf (ivrf): Global
  local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
  remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
 current_peer: 10.197.226.222


 #pkts encaps: 44 #pkts encrypt: 44, #pkts digest: 44
 #pkts decaps: 45, #pkts decrypt: 45, #pkts verify: 45
 #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
 #pkts not compressed:0, #pkts comp failed: 0, #pkts decomp failed: 0
 #pre-frag successes: 0, #pre-frag failures: 0, #fragments created: 0
 #PMTUs sent: 0, #PMTUs rcvd: 0, #decapsulated frgs needing reassembly: 0
 #TFC rcvd: 0, #TFC sent: 0
 #Valid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0, #Invalid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0
 #send errors: 0, #recv errors: 0

 local crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.187/500, remote crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.222/500
 path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 78(44), media mtu 1500
 PMTU time remaining (sec): 0, DF policy: copy-df
 ICMP error validation: disabled, TFC packets: disabled
 current outbound spi: A14EDAF6
 current inbound spi : 8540D49E

inbound esp sas:
 spi: 0x8540D49E (2235618462)
     SA State: active
      transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
      in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
     slot: 0, conn_id: 9, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
     sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4147198/27594)
     IV size: 16 bytes
     replay detection support: Y
    Anti replay bitmap: 
    0x00000000 0x007FFFFF
outbound esp sas:
  spi: 0xA14EDAF6 (2706299638)
    SA State: active
    transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
    in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
    slot: 0, conn_id: 9, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
    sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (3916798/27594)
    IV size: 16 bytes
    replay detection support: Y
    Anti replay bitmap: 
    0x00000000 0x00000001

#show bgp summary 
BGP router identifier 10.1.1.2, local AS number 1000
BGP table version is 7, main routing table version 7
2 network entries using 400 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 160 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 416 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 976 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 5/3 prefixes, 7/5 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor        V      AS      MsgRcvd      MsgSent     TblVer    InQ     OutQ     Up/Down     State/PfxRcd
169.254.2.1   4     1000       22             22       7       0         0      00:19:42      1

#show bgp neighbors
BGP neighbor is 169.254.2.1, context single_vf, remote AS 1000, internal link
    BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.1.1.1
    BGP state = Established, up for 00:19:42
    Last read 00:01:04, last write 00:00:38, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
    Neighbor sessions:
    1 active, is not multisession capable (disabled)
Neighbor capabilities:
    Route refresh: advertised and received(new)
    Four-octets ASN Capability: advertised and received
    Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
    Multisession Capability: 
Message statistics:
   InQ depth is 0
   OutQ depth is 0
                   Sent     Rcvd
Opens:             1         1 
Notifications:    0         0 
Updates:          2         2 
Keepalives:      19       19 
Route Refresh: 0         0 
Total:             22       22 
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 0 seconds
For address family: IPv4 Unicast
  Session: 169.254.2.1
  BGP table version 7, neighbor version 7/0
  Output queue size : 0

  Index 5
  5 update-group member
                     Sent      Rcvd
Prefix activity:     ----   ----
Prefixes Current:    1         1 (Consumes 80 bytes)
Prefixes Total:      1         1 
Implicit Withdraw:   0         0 
Explicit Withdraw:   0         0 
Used as bestpath:  n/a       1 
Used as multipath:  n/a       0

                                  Outbound        Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes:     --------        -------
Bestpath from this peer:           1              n/a 
Invalid Path:                      1              n/a 
Total:                             2              0 
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Address tracking is enabled, the RIB does have a route to 169.254.2.1
Connections established 5; dropped 4
Last reset 00:20:06, due to Peer closed the session of session 1
Transport(tcp) path-mtu-discovery is disabled
Graceful-Restart is disabled

#show route bgp
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
           D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
           N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
           E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, V - VPN
           i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
           ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
           o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
           SI - Static InterVRF, BI - BGP InterVRF
Gateway of last resort is 10.197.226.1 to network 0.0.0.0

B       2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 [200/0] via 169.254.2.1, 00:19:55

문제 해결

이 섹션에서는 설정 문제 해결을 위해 사용할 수 있는 정보를 제공합니다.

debug crypto ikev2 platform 255
debug crypto ikev2 protocol 255
debug crypto ipsec 255
debug ip bgp all

• IPv4 인터페이스뿐 아니라 IPv4, 보호 네트워크 또는 VPN 페이로드만 지원합니다(IPv6는 지원되지 않음).