تكوين شبكة VPN المستندة إلى المسار من موقع إلى موقع بين ASA و FTD مع BGP كغطاء

!--- Configure IKEv2 Policy ---!

crypto ikev2 policy 1
encryption aes-256
integrity sha256
group 14
prf sha256
lifetime seconds 86400




!--- Enable IKEv2 on the outside interface ---!

crypto ikev2 enable outside




!---Configure Tunnel-Group with pre-shared-key---!

tunnel-group 10.197.226.222 type ipsec-l2l
tunnel-group 10.197.226.222 ipsec-attributes
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key *****
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key *****




!--- Configure IPSec Policy ---!

crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal ipsec_proposal_for_FTD
protocol esp encryption aes-256
protocol esp integrity sha-256




!--- Configure IPSec Profile ---!

crypto ipsec profile ipsec_profile_for_FTD
set ikev2 ipsec-proposal FTD-ipsec-proposal
set pfs group14




!--- Configure VTI ---!

interface Tunnel1
nameif FTD-VTI
ip address 169.254.2.2 255.255.255.0 
tunnel source interface outside
tunnel destination 10.197.226.222
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4
tunnel protection ipsec profile ipsec_profile_for_FTD




!--- Configure the WAN routes ---!

route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.197.226.1 1

تكوين واجهة الاسترجاع على ASA

interface Loopback1
nameif loopback
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

تكوين BGP التخطي على FTD باستخدام FMC

  انتقل إلى Devices > Device Management.Edit الجهاز الذي تم تكوين نفق VTI به، ثم انتقل إلى Routing >General Settings > BGP.

الخطوة 1. قم بتمكين BGP وتكوين رقم النظام الذاتي (AS) ومعرف الموجه، كما هو موضح في هذه الصورة.

كما يلزم أن يكون الرقم هو نفسه على كل من الجهازين FTD و ASA.

يتم إستخدام معرف الموجه لتحديد كل موجه مشارك في BGP.

انتقل لتكوين BGP

الخطوة 2. انتقل إلى BGP > IPv4 BGP IPv4 وتمكينه على FTD.

تمكين BGP

الخطوة 3. تحتNeighbor علامة التبويب، أضف عنوان IP لنفق ASAv VTI كجار وتمكين المجاور.

إضافة جار BGP

الخطوة 4. تحت Networks ، أضف الشبكات التي تريد الإعلان عنها من خلال BGP التي تحتاج إلى المرور عبر نفق VTI، في هذه الحالة، loopback1.

إضافة شبكات BGP

الخطوة 5. تكون جميع إعدادات BGP الأخرى إختيارية ويمكنك تكوينها طبقا للبيئة الخاصة بك. تحقق من التكوين وانقر Save فوق.

حفظ تكوين BGP

الخطوة 6. قم بنشر جميع التكوينات.

النشر

تكوين BGP التخطي على ASA

router bgp 1000
bgp log-neighbor-changes
bgp router-id 10.1.1.2
address-family ipv4 unicast
neighbor 169.254.2.1 remote-as 1000
neighbor 169.254.2.1 transport path-mtu-discovery disable
neighbor 169.254.2.1 activate
network 1.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
no auto-summary
no synchronization
exit-address-family

التحقق من الصحة

استخدم هذا القسم لتأكيد عمل التكوين بشكل صحيح.

النواتج في إطار برنامج الإرسال فائق السرعة

#show crypto ikev2 sa
IKEv2 SAs:
Session-id:20, Status:UP-ACTIVE, IKE count:1, CHILD count:1

Tunnel-id         Local                   Remote                fvrf/ivrf          Status       Role
666846307      10.197.226.222/500      10.197.226.187/500    Global/Global      READY        RESPONDER
Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 256, Hash: SHA256, DH Grp:14, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
Life/Active Time: 86400/1201 sec
Child sa: local selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          remote selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          ESP spi in/out: 0xa14edaf6/0x8540d49e

#show crypto ipsec sa
interface: ASAv-VTI
Crypto map tag: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1, seq num: 65280, local addr: 10.197.226.222

  Protected vrf (ivrf): Global
  local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
  remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
  current_peer: 10.197.226.187

  #pkts encaps: 45, #pkts encrypt: 45, #pkts digest: 45
  #pkts decaps: 44, #pkts decrypt: 44, #pkts verify: 44
  #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
  #pkts not compressed:0, #pkts comp failed: 0, #pkts decomp failed: 0
  #pre-frag successes: 0, #pre-frag failures: 0, #fragments created: 0
  #PMTUs sent: 0, #PMTUs rcvd: 0, #decapsulated frgs needing reassembly: 0
  #TFC rcvd: 0, #TFC sent: 0
  #Valid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0, #Invalid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0
  #send errors: 0, #recv errors: 0

  local crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.222/500, remote crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.187/500
  path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 78(44), media mtu 1500
  PMTU time remaining (sec): 0, DF policy: copy-df
  ICMP error validation: disabled, TFC packets: disabled
  current outbound spi: 8540D49E
  current inbound spi : A14EDAF6

inbound esp sas:
 spi: 0xA14EDAF6 (2706299638)
  SA State: active
  transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
  in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
  slot: 0, conn_id: 49, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
  sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4331517/27595)
  IV size: 16 bytes
  replay detection support: Y
  Anti replay bitmap: 
  000001FFF 0xFFFFFFFF
outbound esp sas:
 spi: 0x8540D49E (2235618462)
  SA State: active
  transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
  in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
  slot: 0, conn_id: 49, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
  sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4101117/27595)
  IV size: 16 bytes
  replay detection support: Y
  Anti replay bitmap: 
  0x00000000 0x00000001

#show bgp summary 
BGP router identifier 10.1.1.1, local AS number 1000
BGP table version is 5, main routing table version 5
2 network entries using 400 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 160 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 416 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 976 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 21/19 prefixes, 24/22 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor           V         AS      MsgRcvd      MsgSent       TblVer      InQ      OutQ      Up/Down      State/PfxRcd
169.254.2.2      4         1000   22               22                  5             0         0            00:19:42        1

#show bgp neighbors
BGP neighbor is 169.254.2.2, vrf single_vf, remote AS 1000, internal link
   BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.1.1.2
   BGP state = Established, up for 00:19:49
   Last read 00:01:04, last write 00:00:38, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
   Neighbor sessions:
      1 active, is not multisession capable (disabled)
   Neighbor capabilities:
      Route refresh: advertised and received(new)
      Four-octets ASN Capability: advertised and received
      Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
      Multisession Capability: 
  Message statistics:
      InQ depth is 0
      OutQ depth is 0
                       Sent    Rcvd
Opens             1        1 
Notifications:    0        0 
Updates:          2        2 
Keepalives:      19      19 
Route Refresh: 0        0 
Total:               22      22 
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 0 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast
   Session: 169.254.2.2
   BGP table version 5, neighbor version 5/0
   Output queue size : 0
   Index 15
  15 update-group member
                             Sent     Rcvd
Prefix activity:             ----    ----
Prefixes Current:            1          1         (Consumes 80 bytes)
Prefixes Total:              1          1 
Implicit Withdraw:           0          0 
Explicit Withdraw:           0          0 
Used as bestpath:           n/a        1 
Used as multipath:           n/a        0
                                Outbound           Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes:   --------            -------
Bestpath from this peer:         1                          n/a 
Invalid Path:                    1                          n/a 
Total:                           2                            0 
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Address tracking is enabled, the RIB does have a route to 169.254.2.2
Connections established 7; dropped 6
Last reset 00:20:06, due to Peer closed the session of session 1
Transport(tcp) path-mtu-discovery is disabled
Graceful-Restart is disabled

#show route bgp
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
            D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
            N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
            E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, V - VPN
            i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
            ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
            o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
            SI - Static InterVRF, BI - BGP InterVRF
Gateway of last resort is 10.197.226.1 to network 0.0.0.0

B        1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 [200/0] via 169.254.2.2, 00:19:55

النواتج المتعلقة بمؤشر الأداء الموحد

#show crypto ikev2 sa
IKEv2 SAs:

Session-id:7, Status:UP-ACTIVE, IKE count:1, CHILD count:1

Tunnel-id    Local                       Remote                     fvrf/ivrf             Status           Role
442126361    10.197.226.187/500          10.197.226.222/500         Global/Global          READY           INITIATOR
Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 256, Hash: SHA256, DH Grp:14, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
Life/Active Time: 86400/1200 sec
Child sa: local selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          remote selector 0.0.0.0/0 - 255.255.255.255/65535
          ESP spi in/out: 0x8540d49e/0xa14edaf6

#show crypto ipsec sa
interface: FTD-VTI
Crypto map tag: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1, seq num: 65280, local addr: 10.197.226.187

  Protected vrf (ivrf): Global
  local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
  remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
 current_peer: 10.197.226.222


 #pkts encaps: 44 #pkts encrypt: 44, #pkts digest: 44
 #pkts decaps: 45, #pkts decrypt: 45, #pkts verify: 45
 #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
 #pkts not compressed:0, #pkts comp failed: 0, #pkts decomp failed: 0
 #pre-frag successes: 0, #pre-frag failures: 0, #fragments created: 0
 #PMTUs sent: 0, #PMTUs rcvd: 0, #decapsulated frgs needing reassembly: 0
 #TFC rcvd: 0, #TFC sent: 0
 #Valid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0, #Invalid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0
 #send errors: 0, #recv errors: 0

 local crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.187/500, remote crypto endpt.: 10.197.226.222/500
 path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 78(44), media mtu 1500
 PMTU time remaining (sec): 0, DF policy: copy-df
 ICMP error validation: disabled, TFC packets: disabled
 current outbound spi: A14EDAF6
 current inbound spi : 8540D49E

inbound esp sas:
 spi: 0x8540D49E (2235618462)
     SA State: active
      transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
      in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
     slot: 0, conn_id: 9, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
     sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4147198/27594)
     IV size: 16 bytes
     replay detection support: Y
    Anti replay bitmap: 
    0x00000000 0x007FFFFF
outbound esp sas:
  spi: 0xA14EDAF6 (2706299638)
    SA State: active
    transform: esp-aes-256 esp-sha-256-hmac no compression 
    in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 14, IKEv2, VTI, }
    slot: 0, conn_id: 9, crypto-map: __vti-crypto-map-Tunnel1-0-1
    sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (3916798/27594)
    IV size: 16 bytes
    replay detection support: Y
    Anti replay bitmap: 
    0x00000000 0x00000001

#show bgp summary 
BGP router identifier 10.1.1.2, local AS number 1000
BGP table version is 7, main routing table version 7
2 network entries using 400 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 160 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 416 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 976 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 5/3 prefixes, 7/5 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor        V      AS      MsgRcvd      MsgSent     TblVer    InQ     OutQ     Up/Down     State/PfxRcd
169.254.2.1   4     1000       22             22       7       0         0      00:19:42      1

#show bgp neighbors
BGP neighbor is 169.254.2.1, context single_vf, remote AS 1000, internal link
    BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.1.1.1
    BGP state = Established, up for 00:19:42
    Last read 00:01:04, last write 00:00:38, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
    Neighbor sessions:
    1 active, is not multisession capable (disabled)
Neighbor capabilities:
    Route refresh: advertised and received(new)
    Four-octets ASN Capability: advertised and received
    Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
    Multisession Capability: 
Message statistics:
   InQ depth is 0
   OutQ depth is 0
                   Sent     Rcvd
Opens:             1         1 
Notifications:    0         0 
Updates:          2         2 
Keepalives:      19       19 
Route Refresh: 0         0 
Total:             22       22 
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 0 seconds
For address family: IPv4 Unicast
  Session: 169.254.2.1
  BGP table version 7, neighbor version 7/0
  Output queue size : 0

  Index 5
  5 update-group member
                     Sent      Rcvd
Prefix activity:     ----   ----
Prefixes Current:    1         1 (Consumes 80 bytes)
Prefixes Total:      1         1 
Implicit Withdraw:   0         0 
Explicit Withdraw:   0         0 
Used as bestpath:  n/a       1 
Used as multipath:  n/a       0

                                  Outbound        Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes:     --------        -------
Bestpath from this peer:           1              n/a 
Invalid Path:                      1              n/a 
Total:                             2              0 
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Address tracking is enabled, the RIB does have a route to 169.254.2.1
Connections established 5; dropped 4
Last reset 00:20:06, due to Peer closed the session of session 1
Transport(tcp) path-mtu-discovery is disabled
Graceful-Restart is disabled

#show route bgp
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
           D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
           N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
           E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, V - VPN
           i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
           ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
           o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
           SI - Static InterVRF, BI - BGP InterVRF
Gateway of last resort is 10.197.226.1 to network 0.0.0.0

B       2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 [200/0] via 169.254.2.1, 00:19:55

استكشاف الأخطاء وإصلاحها

يوفر هذا القسم معلومات يمكنك إستخدامها لاستكشاف أخطاء التكوين وإصلاحها.

debug crypto ikev2 platform 255
debug crypto ikev2 protocol 255
debug crypto ipsec 255
debug ip bgp all

• يدعم واجهات IPv4 فقط، بالإضافة إلى IPv4 أو الشبكات المحمية أو حمولة الشبكة الخاصة الظاهرية (لا يوجد دعم ل IPv6).